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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Political subversives II: Anarchists (all types), socialists, syndicalists, communists, anti-clericals&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unionismo industriale e Sindacalismo&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/em&gt;[Industrial and Trade Unions]. &lt;strong&gt;Brooklyn: Casa ed. Lavoratori Industriali del Mondo, 1923.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>The title page states Giantino as the author, with no publication date; however, this pamphlet begins with an introduction by Mario De Ciampis dated 1923. Like most unionist pamphlets, this pamphlet contains the preamble of the I.W.W., and also discusses industrial and trade unionism in the U.S. and Europe. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Giantino” was the pen name of Alibrando Giovannetti (1875–1945). In Italy, Giovannetti was secretary of the Unione Sindacalismo Industriale’s metalworkers union. A believer in non-violence, he saw peaceful occupation of factories as a substitute for insurrection. He and Armando Borghi, several of whose works are in the Collection, led one such factory occupation in Liguria in 1920.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fecondità: commedia sociale in due atti&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [Fertility: Social Comedy in two acts]. &lt;strong&gt;Newark: Biblioteca de &lt;em&gt;L'Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;, 1928.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is a social comedic drama published by the book publication arm of the anarchist newspaper &lt;em&gt;L’Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This 1928 publication is the earliest book in the Collection published by the newspaper which began life in 1922, founded by one of the leaders of the Galleanisti, Raffaele Schiavina (a/k/a Max Sartin), as a reincarnation of &lt;em&gt;La Cronaca Sovversiva.&lt;/em&gt; The latter had ceased publication in 1919 when its founder Luigi Galleani, was deported from the U.S.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a brief bio of Damiani, see entry for his &lt;em&gt;La bottega. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;After the deaths of Galleani and Malatesta, both of whom spent significant time in the U.S., the fascist regime considered Damiani, always on the move but never in the U.S., as the leader of Italian anarchism.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Political subversives II: Anarchists (all types), socialists, syndicalists, communists, anti-clericals&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sgraffi&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [Scratches]. &lt;strong&gt;Newark: Biblioteca de &lt;em&gt;L'Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;, 1946.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>This collection of poetry is dedicated to those who have gone through the same struggles that Damiani had suffered.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a brief biography of Damiani, see entry for his &lt;em&gt;La bottega. &lt;/em&gt;After the deaths of Galleani and Malatesta, the fascist regime in Italy considered Damiani, always on the move although never in the U.S., as the leader of Italian anarchism.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Collection contains more than a dozen works published by the Library of the newspaper &lt;em&gt;L'Adunata dei Reffratari&lt;/em&gt; [The Gathering of the Refractories], q.v., directed by "Max Sartin." That was the pseudonym of Raffaele Schiavina, who had been deported from the U.S. to Italy in 1919 along with Luigi Galleani. Unlike Galleani, Schiavina  managed to sneak back into the U.S. and begin the publication once again of an anarchist newspaper very much like the &lt;em&gt;Cronaca Sovversiva&lt;/em&gt; of Galleani, using this pseudonym.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Il Bolscevismo: Che cosa è?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/em&gt;[Bolshevism: what is it?]. &lt;b&gt;[Detroit: Libreria Autonoma,] 1940.&lt;/b&gt;</text>
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                <text>This work is in the series of this publisher known as Problemi Attuali [Current Problems] - Numero 2. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The author, an anarchist editor, activist and polemicist, was known for his disputes with individualists. He contributed to many anarchist periodicals, including to Tresca's &lt;em&gt;Il Martello&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;While this copy lacks any specific information about the publisher or place of publication, the "Problemi Attuali" was a series issued by the Libreria Autonoma of Detroit. Zavattero (as "Lolmo")'s &lt;em&gt;Insurrezione e rivoluzione&lt;/em&gt; (1932), q.v., was also part of the same series. Gigi Damiani's play, &lt;em&gt;La bottega: scene della ricostruzione fascista &lt;/em&gt;(1927), q.v., was published by Libreria Autonoma in Detroit, but, as a play, not part of the series Problemi Attuali.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;La guerra che viene&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;[The War that is Coming]. &lt;strong&gt;Newark: Biblioteca de l'&lt;em&gt;Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;, 1939.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>Deported to Italy from the U.S. with Galleani, Max Sartin, whose real name was Rafaelle Schiavina (b. San Carlo (Ferrara), Italy, April 8, 1894 – d. New York, 1987) returned illegaly to the U.S. in 1928, editing &lt;em&gt;L'Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt; until its demise in 1971.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conceived as the heir to the &lt;em&gt;Cronaca Sovversiva&lt;/em&gt; post-Galleani, on April 15, 1922 &lt;em&gt;L’Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt; (The Gathering of the Unwilling) was initiated as a fortnightly. Directed by Costantino Zonchello and then, briefly, Ilario Margarita, its purpose was to support Sacco and Vanzetti and to serve as an antifascist bulwark. The Collection has a few (but later) issues of &lt;em&gt;L’Adunata dei Refrattari.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Upon his return from Paris in 1928, Schiavina became its editor, first using the pseudonym “Max Sartin.” To review his travels in the U.S.: Schiavina had earned a diploma as an accountant, which was useful to him in obtaining his first employment in America, where he emigrated in 1913, settling in Brockton, Massachusetts. Initially an adherent of socialism, he was influenced by reading Kropotkin’s &lt;em&gt;Memorie&lt;/em&gt; (Memoirs), and in 1914 he began to frequent anarchist circles. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He subscribed to the &lt;em&gt;Cronaca Sovversiva&lt;/em&gt; and became acquainted with Galleani. In 1916, the latter committed the administration of his newspaper to Schiavina, together with Carlo Valdinoci. Schiavina established himself in Lynn, Massachusetts, and began to write articles and give lectures. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On September 25, 1916, he experienced his first arrest, with Mario Buda and Federico Cari, for an antiwar demonstration in Boston, and was subsequently released. In 1917, on the occasion of the arrest of Galleani, he hid the list of subscribers to the newspaper. In that same year, soon after delivering an antiwar speech in New York, he was also arrested. After being released again, he was able to return to work on the newspaper. He never abandoned the newspaper, even when the main part of Galleani’s group became expatriates in Mexico to avoid conscription to fight in World War I. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sartin was suspected of being involved in the plot to dynamite Youngstown. After his arrest and that of Ella Antolini in Chicago in January 1918, Schiavina was put on trial and was condemned to a year of hard labor for failing to appear for the draft. He served his sentence in the prison of East Cambridge, after which on June 24, 1919, he was sent to Ellis Island to be deported to Italy, together with Galleani and seven other anarchists. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1920, along with Galleani, he brought the &lt;em&gt;Cronaca Sovversiva&lt;/em&gt; back to life in Turin, succeeding also in circulating the newspaper clandestinely in the United States, but in October of that year, the Italian police authorities definitively suppressed the newspaper.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;With the advent of fascism, Schiavina decided to expatriate. In March 1923, after having passed through Ferrara to see his mother and sister for the last time, he left for Paris, where he established contacts with Italians in political exile. He created the newspapers &lt;em&gt;La Difesa per Sacco e Vanzetti&lt;/em&gt; (The Defense of Sacco and Vanzetti, 1923) and &lt;em&gt;Il Mondo&lt;/em&gt; (The World, 1925–28) and published the volume &lt;em&gt;Sacco e Vanzetti: Cause e fini di un delitto di stato&lt;/em&gt; [Sacco and Vanzetti: Causes and Goals of a State Crime], 1927.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Il sistema rappresentativo e l'ideale&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; [The Representative System and the Ideal].&lt;strong&gt; Newark: Biblioteca de &lt;em&gt;L'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;, 1945.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dibattito sulla "Esistenza di Dio" tra il Rev. Amedeo Santini e il Prof. Giuseppe Bertelli&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; [Debate on the "Existence of God" between the Reverend Amedeo Santini and Professor Giuseppe Bertelli]. &lt;strong&gt;Chicago: Italian Labor Publishing Co., 192-.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>Anti-clericalism was a parallel theme for the political theories and principles of socialists and anarchists. They rejected the Church and its teachings, and substituted for the religious celebrations and feast days of the majority of their fellow Italian immigrants.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli (b. Empoli, Italy 1869 - d. Chicago 1943) features prominently in Durante, with six poems of his in translation. A more colorful life could hardly be found. Bertelli enlisted in the French Foreign Legion in Algiers in 1887 but deserted a year later, entering the Italian Royal Army. Back in Empoli in 1893, he joined the Partito Socialista Italiano and edited &lt;em&gt;Il pioniere. &lt;/em&gt;He edited socialist newspapers in Venice and Trieste. Emigrating to the U.S., he joined the Federazione Socialista Italiana, supported by the Socialist Labor Party. He was successor to Carlo Tresca as editor of &lt;em&gt;Il Proletario&lt;/em&gt;, q.v. in the Collection. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli was the author of several socialist/anti-clerical tracts published in the U.S., including &lt;em&gt;In difesa di Giordano Bruno contro un parroco italiano&lt;/em&gt;, printed about a decade before by &lt;em&gt;La Parola dei Socialisti&lt;/em&gt;, also in Chicago, q.v. &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt; in the Collection; and &lt;em style="font-style:italic;"&gt;G&lt;/em&gt;e&lt;em&gt;sù Cristo, i preti e noi&lt;/em&gt;, published in Philadelphia about the same time by the Tipografia cooperativa socialista (but listed in the catalogue, below); and an earlier work, also a debate, with one Murri, published in Firenze, entitled &lt;em&gt;La chiesa e il collettivismo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Indeed, the current work and three others by Bertelli are items 22 through 25 in the catalogue of the &lt;em&gt;Libreria Sociale de La Parola"&lt;/em&gt; which is also in the Collection, q.v. That catalgoue contains several other works that are in the Collection, for example, Vincenzo Vacirca's &lt;em&gt;La Russia in fiamme,&lt;/em&gt;q.v.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli's argument, according to the Preface, is that the existence of God cannot be demonstated, and reflects the evolution of his thinking from his earlier publications. Durante has a good discussion in his biographical entry generally about Bertelli, but including contemporary evaluations of him by other socialists, not always flattering.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Of Santini, we know only that he was a priest on the opposite side of the debate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Consistent with its being in the catalogue of &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt;'s Libreria Sociale, this work was first been published in &lt;em&gt;La Parola del Popolo&lt;/em&gt; in Chicago, a newspaper that went through many name changes to evade censorship and the proscription of mailing, q.v. discussion in the anniversary issue of &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;Political subversives II: Anarchists (all types), socialists, syndicalists, communists, anti-clericals&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bresci e Savoia: il regicidio: con l'aggiunta di un articolo del medesimo autore sulla misteriosa morte di Bresci &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[[Gaetano] Bresci and [the King of] Savoy: the Regicide, with the inclusion of an article by the same author on the mysterious death of Bresci].&lt;strong&gt; Paterson: Ed. a cura della Libreria Sociologica, 1901.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gaetano Bresci was a weaver working in Paterson, NJ in the 1890s, part of the vibrant Italian anarchist community; he traveled to Italy planing to assassinate the king, and succeeded. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His 1901 hanging while in prison for his crime was declared a suicide, but is believed to have been murder, as this afterward about the "mysterious death" of Bresci while a captive attests to.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About this most important radical publisher:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Libreria Sociologica, a bookstore as well as publisher, was founded in 1903 by noted anarchist Ninfa Baronio and her companion, silkweaver Firmino Gallo. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;After emigrating from Piemonte &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paterson,_New_Jersey" title="Paterson, New Jersey"&gt;Paterson, New Jersey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Ninfa helped found Paterson's anarchist &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Gruppo Diritto all'Esistenza&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; (Right to an Existence Group); co-founded a local feminist group and performed in feminist plays; and, with Gallo, with whom she had six children, ran the Libreria Sociologica, said by historian Kenyon Zimmer to be "America's richest storehouse of extreme radical literature."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Libreria Sociologica was a place &lt;span&gt;where local anarchists gathered and bought Italian, French, and American anarchist literature, as well as Communist publications such as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Communist"&gt;The New York Communist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Russia_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Russia (newspaper)"&gt;Soviet Russia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Revolutionary_Age" title="The Revolutionary Age"&gt;The Revolutionary Age&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;. In the back room, the Slovenian anarchist Franz Widmar operated his &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%27Era_Nuova&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="L'Era Nuova (page does not exist)"&gt;L'Era Nuova&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; (New Era) press. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1912, Firmino Gallo was arrested for displaying an anti-imperialist cartoon by Ludovico Caminita, q.v., in the bookstore window; he and Caminita were charged with inciting hostility against a foreign government.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jennifer Guglielmo's &lt;em&gt;Living the Revolution: Italian Women's Resistance and Radicalism in New York City, 1880-1945&lt;/em&gt; (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1910) is a rich source of history of Baronio, Maria Roda and other important Italian women radicals in New York in that era.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Angelica Balabanoff (b. Ukraine 1878, d. Rome 1965) was a Russian Jewish–Italian communist and social democratic activist. She served as secretary of the Comintern and later became a political party leader in Italy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This poetry collection includes French, German &amp;amp; English (self-consciously promoting Balabanoff's cosmpolitanism) as well as Italian poetry by Balabanoff, who loved Italians, and lived in Russia, where she was highly respected. However, she was disappointed with the Bolshevik regime and discouraged by the fate of the revolution, according to Enrico Arrigoni, q.v.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On the cover is a laudatory blurb by Charles Edward Russell about Balabanoff's "indefatigable sympathy with her fellow man." Her &lt;em&gt;My Life as a Rebel&lt;/em&gt; remains in print, having gone through several editions.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caduti per noi, caduti per voi: raccolta di poesie di Angelica Balabanoff  &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;[Fallen for Us, Fallen for You: a Collection of Poetry of Angelica Balabanoff].&lt;strong&gt; New York: Edizioni "La Fiaccola," [1935].&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;br /&gt;From the cover, it appears that what unites these two different plays (by different playwrights) is that they both are of the "teatro sociale" [social theater]. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is nothing in Flamma, Schiavo or Durante about Professor Ciccarelli or his play.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Louis Marsolleau (b. France 1864- d. France 1935) was a French poet, playwright and novelist, well represented in French theatre in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the Comédie-Française, Théâtre Antoine, and Théâtre de l'Odéon. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This particular play, in its French original &lt;em&gt;Mais quelqu'un troubla la fête&lt;/em&gt; (1900), was judged anarchist because it took on the management class, and thus was censured. The play was mounted every year on May Day in the U.S. and in Europe by worker cooperatives at the beginning of the 1900s in celebration of worker solidarity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The publisher (or perhaps bookstore distributor) is listed on the cover as Libreria del Proletario [Bookstore of &lt;em&gt;Il Proletario&lt;/em&gt;], at 158 Carroll Street in Brooklyn, but the title page of the first play lists only the printer, International Press of Brooklyn, at the same address. Both cover and title page are reproduced here, as is the rear cover advertisting the socialist &lt;em&gt;Il Proletario&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>The title on the cover also states, “Giustizia Capitalista” (Capitalist Justice), not present on title page. This work recounts the mass trial of I.W.W. members from 1917–1918 in the I.W.W.’s hometown of Chicago, in which a total of 820 years of prison sentences were handed down by Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis, whose later appointment as Major League Baseball Commissioner was controversial. For his role in the trial, Judge Landis became one of the intended recipients of 13 bombs mailed by anarchists in late April 1919 in a plot that was instrumental in the deportation of Galleani, and that followed as well as preceded the passage of politically repressive acts, such as the Sedition Act of 1918, and the ultra-restrictive immigration law of 1924. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Faggi (b. Florence, 1885; d. Piacenza, 1967) was deeply committed to the Federazione Socialista Italiana and had been a trade unionist active in Italy, France and Switzerland before coming to the U.S. Faggi was forced to flee from Italy to Switzerland for leading protests against Italy’s war in Tripoli, opposing the majority of Italians in the U.S., who took intense pride in colonialist wars, see, e.g., the popular 1911 Italian Book Company work written by Antonio &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;De Martino: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Tripoli italiana: La guerra italo-turca. Le nostre prime vittorie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After leading demonstrations in Europe against the treatment of Ettor and Giovannitti during the Lawrence Bread and Roses Strike of 1912, Faggi was again compelled to leave his home, and came to the U.S. He replaced Giuseppe Cannata as editor of &lt;em&gt;Il Proletario&lt;/em&gt;, and brought the newspaper’s focus more towards worker organization rather than propaganda. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Deported from the U.S. in 1919, Faggi returned to Italy, where he remained vehemently anti-Mussolini, pushing for both a syndicalist revolution and support for the Russian Revolution. Unable to stay out of conflict he again fled Italy, after he and several other leftists planted a fatal bomb at the Diana Theatre in Milan as a protest against bourgeois indifference to the attacks of the fascist squadristi (action squad members).</text>
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                <text>Born in Modena in 1877, Forzato-Spezia emigrated with her husband to the U.S. in 1891, and settled in West Hoboken, NJ. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;She opened a bookstore there renowned for its large selection of booklets of socialist propaganda and social novels. By 1907, she had joined the Federazione Socialista Italiana, and her name became associated with that of important revolutionary socialists and syndicalists, such as Edmondo Rossoni, Giacinto Menotti Serrati, Camillo Cianfarra and others. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Forzato-Spezia gave dozens of lectures (e.g., &lt;em&gt;Il Vate Etneo&lt;/em&gt;, q.v.) to socialist and anarchist gatherings. She regularly wrote articles and poems for radical publications, emphasizing education and knowledge as a precondition of revolutionary organizing. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the instant work, she attacked traditional teaching and advocated a rational, secular and libertarian education, rather than that of conventional schools, which had become "the most powerful instrument of domination and enslavement." She criticized average Italian immigrants as "squat, lazy and slack." With the outbreak of WWI, in nationalist pride she joined with Rossoni in support of Italy's intervention. In 1915, she founded a fiercely nationalist newspaper with Rossoni and Onorio Ruotolo. She returned to Italy in 1926, and later registered in the Fascist Party, openly in favor of the regime.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The bio of the author is drawn from Marcella Bencivenni.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Preface by Eligio Strobino, an anarchist who (according to Rudolf Vecoli) a few years later, was among those who were discouraged by the deportation of anarchists like Galleani, and the tar-and-feathering of anti-war and labor organizers, like Nino Capraro, and were thereby silenced, dropping out of the anarchist movement.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Il lavoro attraente&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; [Attractive Work]. &lt;strong&gt;Ginevra: Carlo Frigerio, Ed., 1938.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is an edited version of an essay which had appeared first in the U.S., in the Italian-American anarchist paper &lt;em&gt;L'Adunata dei Refrattari&lt;/em&gt;, edited by "Max Sartin" (Raffaele Schiavina) after he secretly returned to the U.S. following his deportation in 1919, along with that of Luigi Galleani and others. The American publication was part of the Biblioteca di Coltura Libertaria; No. 1, Gennaio-Febbraio 1938.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reprint in Geneva of an essay originally published in the U.S. is another example of the international nature of the anarchist and socialist movements. Besides Switzerland and the U.S., Berneri was widely published in France and Italy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Berneri, an Italian professor of philosophy, and along with Errico Malatesta, Armando Borghi, a leading writer for &lt;em&gt;Umanità Nova, &lt;/em&gt;was an anarchist theorist and propagandist who organized anti-fascist brigadiers in Spain, q.v. &lt;em&gt;Berneri in Ispagna&lt;/em&gt; in the collection. He was assassinated by Stalinists while in Barcelona in 1937. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unlike the case with Borghi, Galleani or Malatesta, despite his writing for American Italian publications, there is no evidence of Berneri ever setting foot in the U.S.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L'attentato di Matteo Morral&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/em&gt;[The Attempt on Matteo Morral].&lt;strong&gt; East Boston: Gruppo Autonomo, [1910?]&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is the Italian-language version of a French anarchist's perspective on the Morral affair, an attempted assassination of the &lt;span&gt;Spanish King &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Alfonso XIII and his bride, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Victoria Eugenie, on their wedding day, May 31, 1906&lt;/span&gt; by Mateu Morral, who threw a bomb from a balcony, killing 24 bystanders without harming the royal procession.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two days after the attack, militiamen accosted Morral, who killed one before killing himself. Morral was likely involved in a similar attack on the king a year prior.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The affair became a pretext to stop Francisco Ferrer,  an anarchist pedagogue who ran Escuela Moderna, the influential, rationalist, antigovernment, anticlerical, antimilitary, Barcelonean school in whose library Morral worked.&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Morral is celebrated here as a hero. The Boston-based Gruppo Autonomo that published this edition, affiliated with Luigi Galleani, did not refrain from violence when it believed it was necessary.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Author Charles Malato (1857–1938) was a French anarchist and writer. He was born to a noble Neapolitan family; his grandfather Count Malato was a Field Marshal and the Commander-in-Chief of the army of the last King of Naples.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-nyt_1-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 
&lt;p&gt;Count Malato ferociously suppressed a popular anti-dynastic insurrection; &lt;sup id="cite_ref-nyt_1-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;his son – Charles' father – supported the communards of the Paris Commune, and was banished as a result to the penal colony of New Caledonia, where Charles was born. After the amnesty of anarchists and communists, Charles and his by that time ninety-year-old father returned to Paris, where they immersed themselves in the anarchist movement.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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