<em><strong>Mussolini en chemise</strong></em> [Mussolini in a Nightshirt]. <strong>Paris: Editions Rieder, 1932.</strong>
<p>This is the French translation of <em>Mussolini in camicia</em>, a 1927 publication in Italian in New York, q.v., that was known and admired enough to receive this French translation, and subsequently, translations into Dutch (<em>Mussolini in zijn hemd</em>, 1933), q.v., and into English in London (<em>Mussolini Red and Black</em>, 1935), q.v., based on this French translation rather than the Italian original. It then returned to New York to be published in the British translation (<em>Mussolini Red and Black</em>, 1938, published by the Freie Arbeiter Stimme), q.v. I have not found that the <i>Fraye arbeṭer shṭime </i>(the <i>Free Labor Voice</i>), the Yiddish language New York-based anarchist newspaper (with a publishing arm), published any other Italians.</p>
<p>This is purportedly number 4 of 20 copies that were not put in commerce (HC or "hors commerce"), printed on Alfa mousses des papeteries de Navarre, as indicated on the verso of the title page. I say "purportedly" because in November or December 2021, I saw a copy for sale of this French edition also claiming to be No. 4 of 20 copies <em>hors commerce</em>.<br /><br />The collection now has copies of all editions of this important work: the Italian original, and English, French and Dutch translations. It could of course not be published in Italian in Italy until after the war, q.v. the 1947 and 1961 Italian editions.</p>
<p>Borghi escaped Italy in time to avoid being imprisoned or murdered as an enemy of the fascist government for his heretical views of Mussolini. Had he not been able to first publish this work as written, in Italian, in New York, it might never have appeared in Italian, probably a prerequisite to translation into three other languages, and thus contribute to an international disenchantment with Mussolini. </p>
Armando Borghi
Editions Rieder
1932
18 x 12.5cm; 241 p.
French
<em><strong>Organizzazione e anarchia</strong></em> [Organization and Anarchy]. <strong>Paris: L. Chauvet, [1927?]</strong>
That the story of the transnational work of a figure like Malatesta was written in Italian, published in New York, and printed in Paris by an Italian printer, Tipografia Sociali, is testimony to the international nature of the anarchist movement. <br /><br />Malatesta (see also <em>Al caff<span style="font-family:'nunito sans';font-size:18px;">è</span></em>) (b. Caserta 1853-1932) was the most important Italian anarchist of this era. Borghi and Galleani were his proteges. A spellbinding orator, Malatesta traveled to and was respected throughout the Italian anarchist world, in Europe, and in North and South America. <br /><br />He differed from Galleani in at least one important respect: unlike the latter, <span>Malatesta believed that while anarchists could not be syndicalists, they could use syndicalist tactics to achieve their goals, and thus could have a role in the development of the Industrial Workers of the World (see works of Faggi, De Ciampis (</span><i><span>Il Proletario</span></i><span><span>), Ebert, Vincent St. John, Giuseppe Cannata, Meledandri, Buttis and others in the Collection). <br /><br />N</span></span>evertheless, Malatesta was a committed revolutionary. He believed that the anarchist revolution was inevitable and that violence would be a necessary part of it since the state rested ultimately on violent coercion. As he wrote in his article "The Revolutionary 'Haste'" (<em>Umanita Nova</em>, number 125, 6 September 1921): "to achieve this end [of everyone being socially conscious], it is necessary to provide all with the means of life and for development, and it is therefore necessary to destroy with violence, since one cannot do otherwise, the violence which denies these means to the workers." However, Malatesta himself denounced the use of terrorism and violent physical force.<br /><br /><p>The preface is by Amilcare Cipriani (b. Anzio 1844- d. Paris 1918), who fought with Garibaldi (and later with Garibaldi's son) in many venues. <span>He was elected deputy of the new Italian Chamber of Deputies</span><span> (and subsequently re-elected eight times) </span><sup id="cite_ref-nyt290518_4-1" class="reference"></sup><span>but was unable to claim his seat because he refused to swear an oath of allegiance to the King</span><span>. In 1891, he was among the delegates to the conference which established the short-lived Socialist Revolutionary Anarchist Party.</span></p>
Errico Malatesta
L. Chauvet
[1927?]
18 x 13.5cm; 32 p.
Italian
<em><strong>Mémoires de Lorenzo D'Aponte </strong></em>[Memoirs of Lorenzo Da Ponte].<strong> Paris: Pagnerre, 1860.</strong>
This French version of Da Ponte's memoirs, q.v., dated 1860, translated from the Italian by M.C.D. De la Chavanne, still pre-dated by a couple of decades any publication in Italian in Italy of this work, so critical of the Austro-Hungarian empire that later sent prominent Italian refugees to New York.
[Lorenzo Da Ponte]
Lorenzo D'Aponte [sic]
Pagnerre
1860
23 x 14.5cm; 356 p.
French
<em><strong>Tormento </strong></em>[Torment]. <strong>Paris: La Fraternelle, 1929.</strong>
In 1929 <em>La Fraternelle</em> in Paris published this, D'Andrea's first book of poetry, about her own personal anguish and social struggles, shortly after D'Andrea had entered the U.S. See <em>Richiamo all'anarchia</em> for her bio.<br /><br />Note, on the title page, that this is the "II Edizione: Dal V all'VIII migliaio," that is, the second edition, from 5,000 to 8,000 copies. Here's why a first book of poetry would have sold so well: the collection of poems had actually been published by her in 1922 in Italy, where she was then living, under the same title, where the Italian state immediately seized and banned all copies, charging her prose with the ability to disrupt public order and incite class hatred. <br /><br />Errico Malatesta had written the original Preface, dated April 1922, Rome, and that preface is reproduced in this later publication outside of Italy. Malatesta generously calls her "poetess of anarchy," worthy of filling the place left empty by Pietro Gori, who had died in 1911 - given Gori's enormous reputation and popularity, high praise indeed!<br /><br />On the rear cover, the price to purchase the work was given both in French francs and American dollars. By 1929, as noted, she had moved to the U.S. to be with her lover, Armando Borghi, and had immediately hit the major venues of the anarchist lecture circuit all throughout America, see <em>Richiamo all'anarchia</em>.
Virgilia D'Andrea
La Fraternelle
1929
18 x 12cm; 30 p.
Italian
<strong><em>Errico Malatesta in 60 anni di lotte anarchiche: storia*critica*ricordi </em></strong>[Errico Malatesta in 60 Years of Anarchist Struggles: History, Criticism, Memories].<strong> New York: Edizioni Sociali, 1933.</strong>
Preface by Sébastien Faure. <br /><br />That the story of the transnational work of a figure like Malatesta was written in Italian, published in New York, and printed in Paris by an Italian printer, Tipografia Sociali, is testimony to the international nature of the anarchist movement. <br /><br />Borghi, the second ranking anarchist in Italy, after Malatesta, before he left for the U.S. in the mid-1920s, reviews 60 years of Malatesta’s life in this work, only a year or so of which was spent in the U.S. In addition to the book’s printing in Paris, the introduction by Faure, the French anarchist, is dated Paris, 1933. <br /><br />Originally a socialist, Faure (1858–1942) turned to anarchism in 1888, and developed his theory of synthesis anarchism, the notion that the physical, mental and moral development of man were all equally important.
Armando Borghi
Edizioni Sociali
1933
18.5 x 13cm; 289 p.
Italian