https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/58817/archive/files/df748b6ef06993a64653a9c12b759b1f.jpg?Expires=1792627200&Signature=ITjCclzIDSiR4tjh7N9SaHZvVdbv%7ELTHorDVCmv-nmNs3CUGeivQLUaOo8Sw%7EhORUn%7EiZyT1cR18bBCO9cNLR5-uJr-YeOplC8FvNsU-4W5RrAtCy1ajmUw041ovxOpI6e5EuUdmiZkzVNX8UjzVUUpgDqRo606cb01Diyoctwb2o3R0S2ALjzCME%7EBoYnHndNe7nEATp%7EOthDpa97jcohnmdJ3YCUcpezT2%7E7CGsdxkWIqJE-Xvg4ix8PlWyReDyPzFdD2FEMEBlE6JelTo5Fikho1x9B5F6lBUMv3wW%7EsYgzm5VwA6kg%7Eg2WYpj6gwfzUtaB7uJ1txL%7Ez%7EjncTBg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM c479228353a55c95e39c5fd41d55ce99 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/58817/archive/files/9fd1755987880333308c1abe9513ca43.jpg?Expires=1792627200&Signature=JgIidn%7ETeKczHOrJLTsKfGM6c7TTVcrBeaREnjQDACDoWNe-%7EdlOSiC%7Em0MGJFYdiNNHYacgf5S9N6bcTgWaRIXyMv0IWpSQCBNaW3Pf1Vqri9H5VvIcFz2vEr8jTGhyxwG2kZY2dj72esARS7jwunoj4T8jHjy9ZsSHs9nUQkwTtk0KmS5R14rxkAh%7E138aG0mt8L7SdWm3j%7EqgFz5KD5HHD5rBS3KLFQp0AHJrhUM0Tg8R4W%7Ek0T96z8ywASQIDZN6mue6vTagn6il%7EfRWp7xDxDARXSRPgfYytDLokpZyeUTTPG6KAjNmrPTQWo-5ea%7E9WU8-L26wpTdLTYx0WQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 95250f670a2efd93279ede5af1bf7763 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Political subversives III: Fascists and anti-fascists Description An account of the resource The Anti-Fascist movement embraced diverse leftists, including Carlo Tresca, as noted above. Opposition to Mussolini from the left was reflected by activities of the Anti-Fascist Alliance of North America, which formed common ground for anarchists, socialists/syndicalists and communists to temporarily set aside their differences and unite against fascist oppression. Gone, at least temporarily, were the debates about proper philosophy of the left: the goal was to unite in order to defeat fascism. As for fascism itself, its roots were in the nationalist fervor stoked by Italy’s late 19th and early 20th century imperialist ventures in Africa, which are reflected in several items in the collection. Fascism itself, with its <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_radicalism">radical</a> nationalist agenda, came to prominence in the first quarter of 20th-century Europe, originating in Italy during <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I">World War I</a>. Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party, a right-wing organization which launched a campaign of terrorism and intimidation against its leftist opponents, and forced the king in 1922 to name him the Prime Minister as a result of the fascists’ show of force in the March on Rome. In America, active fascist supporters started two magazines that vied for primacy with Mussolini as instruments of the Fascist Party in America. Agostino de Biasi’s Il Carroccio, (The Chariot) was published from 1915 until 1935 - most years of the magazine are in the collection - with a circulation of about 10,000–12,000, long-lived initially but ultimately with a circulation of only about one-third of Domenico Trombetta’s far more militant Il Grido della Stirpe (The Cry of the Race), which became the largest circulation pro-fascist periodical at about 30,000 at its height in the mid-late 1920s, dropping to about 5,000 in the late 1930s as Italian Americans soured on Mussolini. Mussolini also promoted teaching the Italian language to Italian American schoolchildren, reflected in several items in the collection. Both fascist and therefore anti-fascist activities were not confined to New York, Chicago and other big cities. By the early 1920s, Fascist Party cells in the United States were present in Buffalo, Albany, Rochester and Syracuse. Subject The topic of the resource This section of the collection reflects tensions between fascists and anti-fascists. But the anti-fascist movement in the U.S. among Italians and others had far less to fear from Mussolini than did such dissidents in Italy itself. Savage portrayals and caricatures of Mussolini and of fascism are fully reflected in the collection. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La crisi sociale da Cristo a Mussolini [The Social Crisis from Christ to Mussolini]. New York: Cocce Brothers, 1933. Description An account of the resource In this 24-page pamphlet, Lisanti praises fascism, though noting its differences from Christianity. Lisanti declares that fascism has substituted for Christ’s exhortation to “Love your neighbor as you love yourself,” the “political imperative of deductive reason: ‘Act so as to cooperate for the common good,’” promoting the political relation between capital and work for creating a social equilibrium, just as Christianity proclaimed the moral relation between riches and poverty in order to create social equilibrium. Lisanti seems an unlikely candidate to have become a Black Shirt or Khaki Shirt (i.e., a militant fascist) rather than the philosophical fascist as seen in a work like this one, much as Renzo Novatore was more a philosophical anarchist rather than a man of action (much less violent action). Lisanti believed fascism is “the affirmation of historical determinism,” to navigate safely between the Scylla of Socialism and the Charybdis of Communism, in Lisanti’s view. In 1916, Lisanti authored a standard Italian-English dictionary published by the Società Libraria Italiana, q.v. I find no biographical information in Flamma, Durante or other sources about Lisanti. (There is a Lisanti chapel in the Bronx added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002, but it was built in 1905 by Francesco Lisanti.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dott. Gaetano F. Lisanti Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cocce Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1933 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 23.5 x 15.5c; 24 p. Language A language of the resource Italian 1931-1940 Cocce fascist history Mussolini New York