Umanità Nova: periodica libertario. Brooklyn, 7 Febbraio [February] - 1 Maggio [May] 1925.

A Milanese socialist newspaper founded in 1920, but then shut down by the fascists in 1921 following fascist reprisals in the aftermath of the bombing of the Diana Theatre in Milan, which was itself  carried out in protest of the continued detention of the editors of Umanità Nova, including Armando Borghi, Errico Malatesta.

Those successful reprisals, which gave momentum to the increasing power demonstrated by the fascists, included the destruction of the offices and printing presses of Avanti! as well as of Umanità Nova. 

The bombing of the Diana Theater and its important role in the rise of fascism is recounted in historian Victoria de Grazia's The Perfect Fascist: a Story of Love, Power and Morality in Mussolini's Italy because of the role of that book's lead character, a fascist named Attilio Terruzzi, in the fascists' use of the Diana Theatre bombing to enhance their stature.

Umanità Nova appears to have sprung up again a few years later, Phoenix-like - but in Brooklyn - to replace the no longer publishable Milanese version, much like the enormously successful anti-clerical and anarchist paper, L'Asino, which began to be published in New York after the Church (acting through a papal nuncio in Washington) succeeded in preventing importation of the Italian original into the U.S. on the grounds that it was pornographic.

Note that the issues in the collection are all from "Anno II" - Year 2 - of what must be the "new series" that must have started in 1924 (since the newspaper's closure in Milan in 1921 or 1922).

Note also that the "redazione e amministrazione [editing and administration]" of the May Day, i.e., May 1, 1925 issue was at 725 Union Street in Brooklyn. Compare with the March 7 issue of the same year, in the collection, where "redazione e amminstrazione" took place at 460 Carroll Street, also in Brooklyn. 

Finally, precisely in the style of Il Proletario, whose May Day issue (q.v.) in 1923 was printed in red, so here, the banner and lead headline of this May Day issue of Umanità Nova, unlike all the others, was printed in red.

Leading writers for Umanità Nova included Errico Malatesta (at least in the Milan years, as noted), and Camillo Bernieri, among other writers whose works are in the collection. Armando Borghi was an editor of the newspaper in Italy, after his deportation in 1947 from America back to Italy, according to one of Avrich's interlocutors, Valerio Isca. But Isca may not be reliable as an historian when he claims that Borghi's influence began to fade when he went underground, given the number and frequency of his publications as reflected in the collection.

When the fascist regime fell, in 1945, publication started up again in Milan, this time weekly. The newspaper continues to publish, in Italy, to this day.

The collection includes:

Umanità Nova, Anno II, No. 5 - 7 Febbraio [February] 1925
Umanità Nova, Anno II, No. 7 - 21 Febbraio [February] 1925
Umanità Nova, Anno II, No. 8 - 7 Marzo [March] 1925
Umanità Nova, Anno II, No. 9 - 28 Marzo [March] 1925
Umanità Nova, Anno II, No. 10 -1 Maggio [May] 1925

Italian