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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Political subversives II: Anarchists (all types), socialists, syndicalists, communists, anti-clericals&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dibattito sulla "Esistenza di Dio" tra il Rev. Amedeo Santini e il Prof. Giuseppe Bertelli&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; [Debate on the "Existence of God" between the Reverend Amedeo Santini and Professor Giuseppe Bertelli]. &lt;strong&gt;Chicago: Italian Labor Publishing Co., 192-.&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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              <text>Anti-clericalism was a parallel theme for the political theories and principles of socialists and anarchists. They rejected the Church and its teachings, and substituted for the religious celebrations and feast days of the majority of their fellow Italian immigrants.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli (b. Empoli, Italy 1869 - d. Chicago 1943) features prominently in Durante, with six poems of his in translation. A more colorful life could hardly be found. Bertelli enlisted in the French Foreign Legion in Algiers in 1887 but deserted a year later, entering the Italian Royal Army. Back in Empoli in 1893, he joined the Partito Socialista Italiano and edited &lt;em&gt;Il pioniere. &lt;/em&gt;He edited socialist newspapers in Venice and Trieste. Emigrating to the U.S., he joined the Federazione Socialista Italiana, supported by the Socialist Labor Party. He was successor to Carlo Tresca as editor of &lt;em&gt;Il Proletario&lt;/em&gt;, q.v. in the Collection. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli was the author of several socialist/anti-clerical tracts published in the U.S., including &lt;em&gt;In difesa di Giordano Bruno contro un parroco italiano&lt;/em&gt;, printed about a decade before by &lt;em&gt;La Parola dei Socialisti&lt;/em&gt;, also in Chicago, q.v. &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt; in the Collection; and &lt;em style="font-style:italic;"&gt;G&lt;/em&gt;e&lt;em&gt;sù Cristo, i preti e noi&lt;/em&gt;, published in Philadelphia about the same time by the Tipografia cooperativa socialista (but listed in the catalogue, below); and an earlier work, also a debate, with one Murri, published in Firenze, entitled &lt;em&gt;La chiesa e il collettivismo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Indeed, the current work and three others by Bertelli are items 22 through 25 in the catalogue of the &lt;em&gt;Libreria Sociale de La Parola"&lt;/em&gt; which is also in the Collection, q.v. That catalgoue contains several other works that are in the Collection, for example, Vincenzo Vacirca's &lt;em&gt;La Russia in fiamme,&lt;/em&gt;q.v.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bertelli's argument, according to the Preface, is that the existence of God cannot be demonstated, and reflects the evolution of his thinking from his earlier publications. Durante has a good discussion in his biographical entry generally about Bertelli, but including contemporary evaluations of him by other socialists, not always flattering.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Of Santini, we know only that he was a priest on the opposite side of the debate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Consistent with its being in the catalogue of &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt;'s Libreria Sociale, this work was first been published in &lt;em&gt;La Parola del Popolo&lt;/em&gt; in Chicago, a newspaper that went through many name changes to evade censorship and the proscription of mailing, q.v. discussion in the anniversary issue of &lt;em&gt;La Parola&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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              <text>Amedeo Santini, Giuseppe Bertelli</text>
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              <text>Italian Labor Publishing Co.</text>
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              <text>192-</text>
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